Keanekaragaman Jenis Kelelawar di Areal Pertambangan PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Unit Pelimanan

Iing Nasihin, Nurdin Nurdin, Yayan Hendrayana, Rufidi Chandra, Martinus Ari Kristanto, Suswanto Suswanto

Abstract


The rate of deforestation and tropical forest fragmentation continues to increase. Bats have an important role in helping the succession of tropical forests that are disturbed due to deforestation and fragmentation. This research aims to determine the diversity and types of bat food that are used in the mining area of PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Palimanan Unit as a residence (roost). The method used is a survey method and the analysis carried out includes analysis of the species richness index, species diversity index, and species evenness index. The research results show that in the area of PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Palimanan Unit found 9 species and came from 3 families, namely Pteropodidae (5 species), Hipposideridae (2 species), and Vespertilionidae (2 species). Margalef Index (DMg), Species Diversity Index (H'), and Species Density Index (E1) of bats at PT. Indocemen Tunggal Prakarsa Unit Palimanan respectively were 1,423; 1,912; and 0.870.

Laju deforestasi dan fragmentasi hutan tropis terus meningkat. Kelelawar mempunyai peranan penting dalam membantu suksesi hutan tropis yang terganggu akibat deforestasi dan fragmentasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kenaekaragaman dan jenis pakan kelelawar yang memanfaatakan areal pertambangan PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Unit Palimanan sebagai tempat tinggal (roost). Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan metode survei dan analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis indeks kekayaan spesies, indeks keanekaragaman spesies dan indeks kemerataan spesies. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahawa di areal PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Unit Palimanan ditemukan sebanyak 9 jenis dan berasal dari 3 famili, yaitu Pteropodidae (5 jenis), Hipposideridae (2 jenis), dan Vespertilionidae (2 jenis). Indeks Margalef (DMg),  Indeks Keanekaragaman Jenis (H’), dan  Indeks kemeratan Jenis (E1) kelelawar di PT. Indocemen Tunggal Prakarsa Unit Palimanan secara berturut-turut adalah 1,423; 1,912; dan 0,870.


References


Coleman, J. L., and Barclay, R. M. R. 2012. Urbanization and the abundance and diversity of prairie bats. Urban Ecosyst. 15, 87–102. doi: 10.1007/s11252-011-0181-8

Barber, C. P., Cochrane, M. A., Souza, C. M., and Laurance, W. F. 2014. Roads, deforestation, and the mitigating effect of protected areas in the Amazon. Biol. Conserv. 177, 203–209. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.07.004

Edwards, D. P., Socolar, J. B., Mills, S. C., Burivalova, Z., Koh, L. P., and Wilcove, D. S. 2019. Conservation of tropical forests in the Anthropocene. Curr. Biol. 29, R1008–R1020. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.08.026

Estrada, A., and Coates-Estrada, R. 2002. Bats in continuous forest, forest fragments, and in an agricultural mosaic habitat-is-land at Los Tuxlas. Mexico. Biol. Conserv. 103, 237–245. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00135-5

Farneda, F. Z., Rocha, R., López-Baucells, A., Groenenberg, M., Silva, I., Palmeirim, J. M., et al. 2015. Trait-related responses to habitat fragmentation in Amazonian bats. J. Appl. Ecol. 52, 1381–1391. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.12490

Geldmann, J., Barnes, M., Coad, L., and Craigie, I. 2013. Effectiveness of terrestrial protected areas in reducing habitat loss and population declines. Biol. Conserv. 161, 230–238. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.02.018

Gray, C. L., Hill, S. L., Newbold, T., Hudson, L. N., Börger, L., Contu, S., et al. 2016. Local biodiversity is higher inside than outside terrestrial protected areas worldwide. Nat. Commun. 7:12306. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12306

Jones, G., Jacobs, D. S., Kunz, T. H., Willig, M. R., and Racey, P. A. 2009. Carpe noctem: the importance of bats as bioindicators. Endanger. Species Res. 8, 93–115. doi: 10.3354/esr00182

Jung, K., Kaiser, S., Böhm, S., Nieschulz, J., and Kalko, E. K. V. 2012. Moving in three dimensions: effects of structural complexity on occurrence and activity of insectivorous bats in managed forest stands. J. Appl. Ecol. 49, 523–531. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02116.x

Kalko, E. K., Estrada-Villegas, S., Schmidt, M., Wegmann, M., and Meyer, C. F. 2008. Flying high – assessing the use of the aerosphere by bats. Integr. Comp. Biol. 48, 60–73. doi: 10.1093/icb/icn030

Law, B. S., Anderson, J., and Chidel, M. 1999. Bat communities in a fragmented forest landscape on the south-west slopes of New South Wales, Australia. Biol. Conserv. 88, 333–345. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3207(98)00118-9

Loeb, S. C., Post, C. J., and Hall, S. T. 2009. Relationship between urbanization and bat community structure in national parks of the southeastern U.S. Urban Ecosyst. 12, 197–214. doi: 10.1007/s11252-008-0075-6

Meyer, C. F. J., Aguiar, L. M. S., Aguirre, L. F., Baumgarten, J., Clarke, F. M., Cosson, J.-F., et al. 2011. Accounting for detectability improves estimates of species richness in tropical bat surveys. J. Appl. Ecol. 48, 777–787. doi: 10.1111/J.1365-2664.2011.01976.X

Moir, M., Richards, L. R., Rambau, R. V., and Cherry, M. I. 2021. Functional diversity and trait filtering of insectivorous bats relate to forest biogeography and fragmentation in South Africa. J. Biogeogr. 48, 1170–1182. doi: 10.1111/jbi.14069

Stevens, R. D., Willig, M. R., and Fox, I. G. 2004. Comparative community ecology of bats from eastern Paraguay: taxonomic, ecologic, and biogeographic perspectives. J. Mammal. 85, 698–704.

Ramos Pereira, M. J., Marques, J. T., Santana, J., Santos, C. D., Valsecchi, J., de Queiroz, H. L., et al. 2009. Structuring of Amazonian bat assemblages: the roles of flooding patterns and floodwater nutrient load. J. Anim. Ecol. 78, 1163–1171. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01591.x

Willig, M. R., Presley, S. J., Bloch, C. P., Hice, C. L., Yanoviak, S. P., Dıaz, M. M., et al. 2007. Phyllostomid bats of lowland Amazonia: effects of habitat alteration on abundance. Biotropica 39, 737–746. doi: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz023




DOI: https://doi.org/10.25134/logika.v15i01.9407

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Logika : Jurnal Penelitian Universitas Kuningan

ISSN 2085-997X (print), ISSN 2715-4505 (online)

Organized by Faculty of Law, Universitas Kuningan, Indonesia.

Website  : https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/logika/index

Email     : [email protected]

Address : Jalan Cut Nyak Dhien No.36A Kuningan, Jawa Barat, Indonesia.

Logika is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0