Preferensi Media Tumbuh Tungau Penyebab Penyakit Krepes pada Jamur Kuping (Auricularia polythrica)

Kukuh Madyaningrana, Meilani Apra

Abstract


Abstrak: Jamur Kuping (Auricularia polytrica) yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh petani jamur di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta sering terkendala oleh penyakit dikenal dengan nama setempat sebagai krepes.  Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh organisme dari kelompok tungau (acarina). Identifikasi terhadap penyebab penyakit krepes di pertanian jamur Indonesia ini belum dilakukan secara komprehensif. Identifikasi terhadap tungau penyebab penyakit krepes membutuhkan teknik perbanyakan tungau yang tepat dimana informasi tentang media optimum pertumbuhan tungau menjadi dasar yang penting untuk mendukung teknik kultur tungau yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari medium optimum untuk perbanyakan kultur tungau. Penelitian ini menggunakan beragam bahan yang kemungkinan menjadi media preferensi tungau untuk tumbuh, baik pada uji medium invitro ataupun pada uji medium lapang (pada baglog jamur). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tungau penyebab penyakit krepes pada jamur kuping lebih menyukai tempat hidup pada baglog yang sudah ditumbuhi oleh miselium jamur dan baglog yang sudah menghasilkan badan buah jamur. Hal ini terkait ketersediaan nutrisi yang dimiliki oleh miselium atau badan buah jamur yang telah tumbuh dalam media baglog.

Kata Kunci: tungau; krepes; medium, jamur kuping

Abstract: Wood ear mushrooms (Auricularia polythrica), that is commonly cultivated by mushroom farmers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, is often plagued by a disease which has the local name : krepes. The group of mites (acarina) has been declared as the causal agent of krepes disease. Identification of the causes of crepes in Indonesian mushroom farming has not been carried out comprehensively. Identification of mites that cause krepes requires proper propagation techniques where the optimum growth medium serves as a basis for supporting mites culture techniques. This research aims to study the optimum medium for mite culture propagation. A variety of materials that are likely to be the preferred media for mites to grow were used, either on the invitro test or field test (mushroom baglog). Results showed that the mites prefer to live on the mushroom baglogs which has been covered by fungal mycelium and baglogs which has produced mushroom bodies. This growth preference is suggested to be related to the availability of nutrients from both mycelium and basidiocarp that is grown on the baglog..

Keywords: mites; krepes; medium, wood ear mushroom


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