STRATEGI KESANTUNAN MEMINTA TOLONG DALAM BAHASA ANAK (STUDI KASUS TK ABA KEPUH WETAN)
Abstract
ABSTRAK:
Kesantunan merupakan hal penting dalam keterampilah hidup seorang anak dalam beradaptasi dengan lingkungan sekitar. Kajian ini berusaha mendeskripsikan jenis strategi kesantunan anak usia 5-6 tahun dalam meminta tolong/bantuan. Pendekatan kajian ini merupakan kualitatif dengan desain prosedur studi kasus pada TK ABA Kepuh Wetan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa, anak usia 5-6 tahun telah mampu menggunakan strategi kesantunan dalam meminta tolong. Strategi kesantunan yang digunakan adalah strategi tuturan langsung (tanpa basa-basi), strategi kesantunan positif, dan strategi kesantunan negatif. Dalam meminta tolong/bantuan dengan strategi kesantunan positif, anak menggunakan beberapa teknik, antara lain teknik ungkapan tidak langsung, teknik melibatkan penutur atau mitra tutur dalam suatu aktivitas bersama, teknik bertanya, dan teknik mempertimbangkan keinginan mitra tutur. Lebih lanjut, anak menggunakan strategi kesantunan negatif dalam meminta tolong/bantuan dengan teknik ungkapan tidak langsung dan bersikap pesimis.
KATA KUNCI: strategi, kesantunan, meminta tolong, anak
POLITENESS STRATEGIES OF ASKING FOR HELP
IN CHILDREN'S LANGUAGE
(CASE STUDY OF TK ABA KEPUH WETAN)
ABSTRACT: Politeness is important in children's life skills in adapting to the surrounding environment. This study attempts to describe the types of politeness strategies of children aged 5-6 years in asking for help. The research approach is qualitative with a case study procedure design at ABA Kepuh Wetan Kindergarten. The results of this study show that children aged 5-6 years have been able to use politeness strategies in asking for help. The politeness strategies used are direct speech strategies (without pleasantries), positive politeness strategies, and negative politeness strategies. In asking for help with positive politeness strategies, children use several techniques, including indirect expression techniques, techniques to involve speakers or speech partners in a joint activity, request techniques, and techniques to consider the wishes of speech partners. Furthermore, children use negative politeness strategies in asking for help with indirect expression techniques and being pessimistic.
KEYWORDS: strategies, politeness, asking for help, children
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