ID EFL LEARNING: AN IMPLICATION FOR LEARNING INTERNALIZATION
Main Article Content
Abstract
It is plausible that the psychoanalysis approach holds an important role in exploring people’s personalities, the world of conscious drives. The human personality is categorized into id, ego, and superego, while consciousness is divided into three different provinces, namely unconscious, subconscious, and conscious. However, language teachers’ interest in exploring such beneficial approach to learning is limited. To respond to such gap, a systematic literature review was employed following phases: identification, comprehension, application, analysis, and synthesis. Results revealed that four id EFL learning characteristics are primitive personality, biological identity, an instinct to seek pleasure, and automaticity. Hiding, covering, and undressing are the indicators of the primitive personality and are human biological responses to danger. On the other hand, the human senses, cognitive process, and speech organs define the EFL learners’ biological personality. As for the automaticity learning, it seems to be achievable by unconscious learning and good learning culture. The basic assumption is that a higher-level skill cannot be acquired unless a lower one has been automatized. Applying such concepts, the characteristics of seeking pleasure to learn language, needs the creativity of EFL teachers, delightful teaching, good teaching culture, and facilities as once EFL learning automatized or internalized, enormous impact will be gained.
Article Details
How to Cite
Dakhi, S., Murniarti, E., Boiliu, N. I., & Masful, M. F. (2019). ID EFL LEARNING: AN IMPLICATION FOR LEARNING INTERNALIZATION. English Review: Journal of English Education, 7(2), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v7i2.1560
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References
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Dambrin, C. & Lambert, C. (2017). Beauty or not beauty: Making up the producer of popular culture. Management Accounting Research, 35, 35-46. doi: 10.1016/j.mar.2016.03.003.
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Drouillet, L., Stefaniak, N., Declercq, C., & Obert, A. (2018). Role of implicit learning abilities in metaphor understanding. Consciousness and Cognition, 61, 13-23. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.03.015.
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Kaur, S. (2015). Moral values in education. Journal of humanities and social science, 20, 12-26.
Keane, W. (2013). On spirit writing: Materialities of language and the religious work of transduction. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 19, 1-17.
Kim, B., & Ho, W. (2018). Emergent social practices of Singapore students: The role of laughter and humor in educational gameplay. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 16, 85-99. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcci.2018.01.001.
Knott, V., Impey, D., Fisher, D., Delpero, E., & Fedoroff, P. (2016). Pedophilic brain potential responses to adult erotic stimuli. Brain Research, 1632, 127-140. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.004.
Kuldas, S., Ismail, H. N., Hashi, S., & Bakar, Z. A. (2015). Unconscious learning process: Mental integration of verbal and pictorial instructional materials. Springer Plus, 2(1). doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-105.
Lapsley, D. K., & Stey, P. C. (2012). Id, ego, and superego. Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, 393-399. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-375000-6.00199-3.
Lipner, L. M, Mendelsohn, R. & Muran, J. C. (2017). The sage encyclopedia of abnormal and clinical psychology. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Logan, G. D. (1985). Skill and automaticity: Relations, implications, and future directions. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 39(2), 367-386.
Ma, et. al (2018). Promoting honesty in young children through observational learning. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 167, 234-245. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2017.11.003.
Macpherson, F. (2011). Taxonomizing the senses. Philosophical Studies, 153(1), 123-142. doi: 10.1007/s11098-010-9643-8.
Madan, S., Basu, S., Sharon Ng, & Lim, E. A. C. (2018). Impact of culture on the pursuit of beauty: Evidence from five countries. Journal of International Marketing. doi: 10.1509/jim.17.0064.
Mayberry, R. I., Davenport, T., Roth, A., & Halgen, E. (2018). Neurolinguistic processing when brain matures without language. Cortex, 99, 390-403. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.12.011.
McClain, L., Gulbis, A., & Hays, D. (2018). Honesty on students evaluations of teaching: Effectiveness, purpose, and time matter! Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(3). doi: 10.1080/02602938.2017.1350828.
McHaney, R., Cronan, R., & Douglas, D. E. (2016). Academic integrity: Information systems education perspective. Journal of Information Systems Education, 27(3).
Mireault, G. C., & Reddy, V. (2016). Humor and culture. Humor in Infants, 55-59. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-38963-9_6.
Mohd, M., & Saiden, M. N. (2015). Application of graded reading materials in the teaching of reading skills for children with reading difficulties. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 2631-2633. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.518.
Moradkhani, S. (2017). Language teacher educators pedagogical knowledge: Validating a proposed model. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 5(2), 91-111.
Murniarti, E., et al. (2018). Writing matrix and assessing literature review: A methodological element of a scientific project. Journal of Asian Develepment, 4(2), 133-146. doi: 10.5296/jad.v4i2.13895.
Oosterhoff, B., Shook, N. J., & Lyer, R. (2018). Disease avoidance and personality: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2018.09.008.
k, G., & Hsen, (2014). Determination of university students motivation in EFL classroom. Procedia-Social Behavioral Sciences, 116, 7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.159.
Passone, E. F. K. (2015). Psychoanalytic notes: Contemporary discourses on educational assessment in Brazil. Educ. Pasqul., 41(1), 185-201.
Raj, et al. (2015). Joyful learning? The effects of a school intervention on learning outcomes in Karnataka. International Journal of Educational Development, 40, 183-195. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2014.09.003.
Ritter, J., et al. (2015). Laughter perception in social anxiety. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 60, 178-184. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.09.021.
Sanders, R. D., Tononi, G., Laureys, S., & Sleigh, J. (2012). Unresponsiveness ≠ unconsciousness. Anesthesiology, 116(4). doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318249d0a7.
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Shimizu, Y., Lee, H., & Uleman, J. S. (2017). Culture as automatic processes for making meaning: Spontaneous trait inferences. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 69, 79-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2016.08.003.
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Tews, M. J., Michel, J. W., & Noe, R. A. (2017). Does fun promote learning? The relationship between fun in the workplace and informal learning. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 46-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2016.09.006.
Thornberg, R. & Oğuz, E. (2013). Teachers views on values education: A qualitative study in Sweden and Turkey. International Journal of Educational Research, 59(1), 49-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ijer.2013.03.005.
Trotman, W. (2016). Where have all the students gone? Absenteeism in a Turkish State University English language preparatory year. Asian Education Studies, 1(1). doi: 10.20849/aes.v1i1.32.
Vinciarelli, A. (2017). Body language without a body: Nonverbal communication technology mediated settings. Proceedings of the 7th Annual Workshop on Audio/Visual Emotion Challenge. doi: 10.1145/3133944.3133954.
Wang, Y. (2015). Status analysis on the education space and ceremony in Chinese schools. International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education, 818-820.
Wang, Y., et al. (2018). Towards automatic assessment of spontaneous spoken English. Speech Communication, 104, 47-56. doi: 10.1016/j.specom.2018.09.002.
Witzel, C., O'regan, J. K., & Hansmann-Roth, S. (2017). The dress and individual differences in the perception of surface properties. Vision Research, 141, 76-94. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.07.015.
Xu, F., & Du, J. T. (2018). Factors influencing users satisfaction and loyalty to digital libraries in Chinese universities. Computers in Human Behavior, 83, 64-72. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.01.029.
Yaniv, G., Siniver, E., & Tobol, Y. (2017). Do higher achievers cheat less? An experiment of self-revealing individual cheating. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 68, 91-96. doi: 10.1016/j.socec.2017.04.005.
Alhodiry, A. A. (2016). The Libyan EFL teachers role in developing students motivation. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 232, 83-89. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.020.
Andrade, C. B. (2016). The specificality of language in psychoanalysis. Agora, 19(2), 279-294. doi: 10.1590/S1516-14982016002009.
Amstrong, J. S. (2011). Natural learning in higher education. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1151&context=marketing_papers.
Awan, M. A. (2017). Freudian notion of psychoanalysis: Its implications in contemporary teaching practices. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 8(5). doi: 10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.5p.150.
Bargh, et al. (2012). Automaticity in social-cognitive processes. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2012.10.002.
Borghi, A. M., Barca, L., Binkofski, F., & Tummolini, L. (2018). Varieties of abstract concepts: Development, use, and representation in the brain. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 373. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0121.
Carreira, J. M. (2011). Relationship between motivation for learning EFL and intrinsic motivation for learning in general among Japanese elementary schools students. System, 39(1), 90-102. doi: 10.1016/j.system.2011.01.009.
Cooksley, T., & Holland, M. (2013). The unconscious patient. Medicine, 41(3), 146-150. doi: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2012.12.002.
Corr, P. J. (2010). Automatic and controlled processes in behavioral control: Implications for personality psychology. European Journal of Personality, 24, 376-403. doi: 10.1002/per.779.
Dakhi, S. & Damanik, I. S. (2018). Students motivation in reading English text: A qualitative study in EFL context. Journal of English Teaching, 4(2), 81-93.
Dambrin, C. & Lambert, C. (2017). Beauty or not beauty: Making up the producer of popular culture. Management Accounting Research, 35, 35-46. doi: 10.1016/j.mar.2016.03.003.
Drakulić, A. M. (2014). A psychoanalytic approach to education and raising school children of divorced parents. Croatian Journal of Education, 16, 79-92.
Drouillet, L., Stefaniak, N., Declercq, C., & Obert, A. (2018). Role of implicit learning abilities in metaphor understanding. Consciousness and Cognition, 61, 13-23. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.03.015.
Etchell, A., et al. (2018). A systematic literature review of sex differences in childhood language and brain development. Neuropsychologia, 114, 19-31.doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.011.
Farooq, U. (2011). Factors of personality, biological, social, cultural & situational. Retrieved from: http://www.studylecturenotes.com/social-sciences/sociology/120-factors-of-personality.
Francis, A. L., & Oliver, J. (2018). Psychophysiological measurement of affective responses during speech perception. Hearing Research, 369, 103-119. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.07.007.
Frank, J. (2013). Raising cultural awareness in the English language classroom. English Teaching Forum, 5(4), 2-11.
Giannakos, M. N, Divitini, M., & Iversen, O. S. (2017). Entertainment, engagement, and education: Foundations and development in digital and physical spaces to support learning through making. Entertainment Computing, 21, 77-81.
Gilmore, S., & Anderson, V. (2016). The emotional turn in higher education: A psychoanalytic contribution. Teaching in Higher education, 21(6), 686-699. doi: 10.1080/13562517.2016.1183618.
Hamermesh, D. S., & Abrevaya, J. (2013). Beauty is the key to happiness? European Economic Review, 64, 351-368. doi: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2013.09.005.
Haugaard, M. (2017). What is authority? Journal of Classical Sociology, 1-29. doi: 10.1177/1468795X17723737.
Hewson, P. D. & Rowold, J. (2012). Do spiritual ceremonies affect participants quality of life? A pilot project. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 18(3), 177-181. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2012.03.005.
Holt, G. E., Sarmento, B., Kett, D., & Goodman, K. W. (2017). An unconscious patient with a DNR tattoo. New England Journal of Medicine, 377(22), 2192-2193. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1713344.
Hugh-Jones, D. (2016). Onesty, beliefs about honesty, and economic growth in 15 countries. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 127, 99-114. doi: 10.1016/j.jebo.2016.04.012.
Karandashev, V. (2015). A cultural perspective on romantic love. Online Reading in Psychology and Culture, 5(4). doi: 10.9707/2307-0919.1135
Kaur, S. (2015). Moral values in education. Journal of humanities and social science, 20, 12-26.
Keane, W. (2013). On spirit writing: Materialities of language and the religious work of transduction. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 19, 1-17.
Kim, B., & Ho, W. (2018). Emergent social practices of Singapore students: The role of laughter and humor in educational gameplay. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 16, 85-99. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcci.2018.01.001.
Knott, V., Impey, D., Fisher, D., Delpero, E., & Fedoroff, P. (2016). Pedophilic brain potential responses to adult erotic stimuli. Brain Research, 1632, 127-140. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.004.
Kuldas, S., Ismail, H. N., Hashi, S., & Bakar, Z. A. (2015). Unconscious learning process: Mental integration of verbal and pictorial instructional materials. Springer Plus, 2(1). doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-105.
Lapsley, D. K., & Stey, P. C. (2012). Id, ego, and superego. Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, 393-399. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-375000-6.00199-3.
Lipner, L. M, Mendelsohn, R. & Muran, J. C. (2017). The sage encyclopedia of abnormal and clinical psychology. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Logan, G. D. (1985). Skill and automaticity: Relations, implications, and future directions. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 39(2), 367-386.
Ma, et. al (2018). Promoting honesty in young children through observational learning. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 167, 234-245. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2017.11.003.
Macpherson, F. (2011). Taxonomizing the senses. Philosophical Studies, 153(1), 123-142. doi: 10.1007/s11098-010-9643-8.
Madan, S., Basu, S., Sharon Ng, & Lim, E. A. C. (2018). Impact of culture on the pursuit of beauty: Evidence from five countries. Journal of International Marketing. doi: 10.1509/jim.17.0064.
Mayberry, R. I., Davenport, T., Roth, A., & Halgen, E. (2018). Neurolinguistic processing when brain matures without language. Cortex, 99, 390-403. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.12.011.
McClain, L., Gulbis, A., & Hays, D. (2018). Honesty on students evaluations of teaching: Effectiveness, purpose, and time matter! Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(3). doi: 10.1080/02602938.2017.1350828.
McHaney, R., Cronan, R., & Douglas, D. E. (2016). Academic integrity: Information systems education perspective. Journal of Information Systems Education, 27(3).
Mireault, G. C., & Reddy, V. (2016). Humor and culture. Humor in Infants, 55-59. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-38963-9_6.
Mohd, M., & Saiden, M. N. (2015). Application of graded reading materials in the teaching of reading skills for children with reading difficulties. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 2631-2633. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.518.
Moradkhani, S. (2017). Language teacher educators pedagogical knowledge: Validating a proposed model. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 5(2), 91-111.
Murniarti, E., et al. (2018). Writing matrix and assessing literature review: A methodological element of a scientific project. Journal of Asian Develepment, 4(2), 133-146. doi: 10.5296/jad.v4i2.13895.
Oosterhoff, B., Shook, N. J., & Lyer, R. (2018). Disease avoidance and personality: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2018.09.008.
k, G., & Hsen, (2014). Determination of university students motivation in EFL classroom. Procedia-Social Behavioral Sciences, 116, 7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.159.
Passone, E. F. K. (2015). Psychoanalytic notes: Contemporary discourses on educational assessment in Brazil. Educ. Pasqul., 41(1), 185-201.
Raj, et al. (2015). Joyful learning? The effects of a school intervention on learning outcomes in Karnataka. International Journal of Educational Development, 40, 183-195. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2014.09.003.
Ritter, J., et al. (2015). Laughter perception in social anxiety. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 60, 178-184. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.09.021.
Sanders, R. D., Tononi, G., Laureys, S., & Sleigh, J. (2012). Unresponsiveness ≠ unconsciousness. Anesthesiology, 116(4). doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e318249d0a7.
Scheel, T. (2017). Definition, theories, and measurement of humor. SpringerBriefs in Psychology. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-65691-5_9
Schmetz, A., & Szubka, T. (2012). Freudianism. Encyclepedia of Applied Ethics, 345-352. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-373932-2.00203-9.
Schoenmakers, H. (2012). The power of culture: A short history of anthropological theory about culture and power. University of Groningen.
Shimizu, Y., Lee, H., & Uleman, J. S. (2017). Culture as automatic processes for making meaning: Spontaneous trait inferences. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 69, 79-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2016.08.003.
Symons, J. & Calvo, P. (2014). Systematicity: An overview. Retrieved from http://www.johnsymons.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Systematicity-an-overview.pdf.
Tews, M. J., Michel, J. W., & Noe, R. A. (2017). Does fun promote learning? The relationship between fun in the workplace and informal learning. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 46-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2016.09.006.
Thornberg, R. & Oğuz, E. (2013). Teachers views on values education: A qualitative study in Sweden and Turkey. International Journal of Educational Research, 59(1), 49-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ijer.2013.03.005.
Trotman, W. (2016). Where have all the students gone? Absenteeism in a Turkish State University English language preparatory year. Asian Education Studies, 1(1). doi: 10.20849/aes.v1i1.32.
Vinciarelli, A. (2017). Body language without a body: Nonverbal communication technology mediated settings. Proceedings of the 7th Annual Workshop on Audio/Visual Emotion Challenge. doi: 10.1145/3133944.3133954.
Wang, Y. (2015). Status analysis on the education space and ceremony in Chinese schools. International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education, 818-820.
Wang, Y., et al. (2018). Towards automatic assessment of spontaneous spoken English. Speech Communication, 104, 47-56. doi: 10.1016/j.specom.2018.09.002.
Witzel, C., O'regan, J. K., & Hansmann-Roth, S. (2017). The dress and individual differences in the perception of surface properties. Vision Research, 141, 76-94. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.07.015.
Xu, F., & Du, J. T. (2018). Factors influencing users satisfaction and loyalty to digital libraries in Chinese universities. Computers in Human Behavior, 83, 64-72. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.01.029.
Yaniv, G., Siniver, E., & Tobol, Y. (2017). Do higher achievers cheat less? An experiment of self-revealing individual cheating. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 68, 91-96. doi: 10.1016/j.socec.2017.04.005.